特殊肠造口患者造口袋更换方法的改进

目的改进造口袋更换方法,以提高回肠造口、襻式造口和水肿造口三类特殊造口患者的维护效果。方法将行临时性或永久性肠造口术患者77例随机分为对照组39例和观察组38例。对照组采取常规方法更换造口袋,观察组采取改进方法更换造口袋,即调整涂抹防漏膏、套入造口袋和清洁皮肤的顺序。比较两组术后9 d内粪水性皮炎发生率、造口底盘渗漏率和造口袋更换用时。结果观察组术后9 d内粪水性皮炎发生率显著低于对照组,术后第3天和第6天造口底盘渗漏发生率显著低于对照组(均P0.05),但观察组术后第1天、第3天和第6天造口袋更换时间显著长于对照组(均P0.01)。结论采取改进的造口袋更换方法对特殊造口进行维护,有利于减少造口底盘渗漏,降低粪水性皮炎的发生。     

Chiauranib selectively inhibits colorectal cancer with KRAS wild-type by modulation of ROS through activating the p53 signaling pathway

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the top three most deadly cancers despite using chemotherapy based on oxaliplatin or irinotecan combined with targeted therapy. Chiauranib has recently been identified to be a promising anticancer candidate with impressive efficacy and safety. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of Chiauranib in the treatment of CRC remain to be elucidated. Our study shows that Chiauranib inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in KRAS wild-type CRC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but not mutation ones. Meanwhile, Chiauranib increases ROS production in KRAS wild-type CRC cells. Moreover, Chiauranib selectively suppresses KRAS wild-type CRC cells growth in vivo. Mechanistically, Chiauranib inhibits KRAS wild-type CRC cells by triggering ROS production via activating the p53 signaling pathway. Further, KRAS mutation CRC cells are resistant to Chiauranib by increasing Nrf2 to stably elevate the basal antioxidant program and thereby lower intracellular ROS induced by Chiauranib. Our findings provide the rationale for further clinical evaluation of Chiauranib as a therapeutic agent in treating KRAS wild-type CRC.     

核因子κB信号通路缺陷致原发性免疫缺陷病研究进展

现就NF-κB信号通路相关分子基因突变致PID的发病机制、临床表现、治疗等进展进行总结,以期提高对该类疾病的早期诊治。     

新生血管特异性结合肽GX1二聚体抑制胃癌新生血管生成的实验研究

目的:探讨新生血管特异性结合肽GX1二聚体对胃癌新生血管生成的影响。方法:化学合成GX1二聚体、GX1单体、对照肽二聚体，CCK-8实验、管状结构形成实验、迁移实验研究GX1二聚体对胃癌血管内皮细胞（co-HUVEC）增殖、微管形成、迁移能力的影响，流式细胞学技术分析其对细胞周期分布和凋亡的影响。结果:CCK-8结果显示，GX1二聚体与对照肽二聚体及PBS对照组相比，100~200 μmol/L可抑制co-HUVEC增殖，具有统计学差异（P<0.05），并呈剂量依赖性，GX1二聚体较单体抑制作用增强，并有统计学差异（P<0.05）。管状结构形成实验、细胞损伤迁移实验结果显示，与对照肽二聚体及对照组PBS 相比，GX1二聚体及GX1单体，均可抑制胃癌内皮细胞管状结构的形成及迁移，且二聚体抑制作用强于单体；对照肽二聚体仅有轻微的抑制胃癌内皮细胞管状结构的形成及迁移。流式细胞术分析显示，与对照肽二聚体及PBS对照组相比，GX1二聚体及GX1单体均可诱导细胞凋亡（P<0.05），且GX1二聚体的诱导作用强于GX1单体（P<0.05），而对细胞周期分布则无明显影响。结论:GX1二聚体和GX1单体均可抑制胃癌新生血管内皮细胞增殖、微管形成、迁移能力及诱导凋亡，且GX1二聚体较GX1单体作用增强。GX1二聚体有望代替单体成为胃癌新生血管靶向治疗小肽类药物。     

Management of hip fracture in COVID-19 infected patients

Given that the global population of elderly individuals is expanding and the difficulty of recovery, hip fractures will be a huge challenge and a critical health issue for all of humanity. Although people have spent more time at home during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, hip fractures show no sign of abating. Extensive studies have shown that patients with hip fracture and COVID-19 have a multifold increase in mortality compared to those uninfected and a more complex clinical condition. At present, no detailed research has systematically analyzed the relationship between these two conditions and proposed a comprehensive solution. This article aims to systematically review the impact of COVID-19 on hip fracture and provide practical suggestions. We found that hip fracture patients with COVID-19 have higher mortality rates and more complicated clinical outcomes. Indirectly, COVID-19 prevents hip fracture patients from receiving regular medical treatment. With regard to the problems we encounter, we provide clinical recommendations based on existing research evidence and a clinical flowchart for the management of hip fracture patients who are COVID-19 positive. Our study will help clinicians adequately prepare in advance when dealing with such patients and optimize treatment decisions.     

湿润烧伤膏联合自体微粒皮种植治愈下肢慢性 难愈合创面 1 例报告

给予 2019 年 9 月重庆市涪陵区中医医院普外科收治的 1 例左下肢静脉曲张致慢性难愈合创面患者 在全身综合治疗的基础上行湿润烧伤膏包扎治疗，治疗第 15 天，创面明显缩小，于清创术后行自体微粒皮种植 治疗，术后继续采用湿润烧伤膏换药治疗； 治疗第 61 天，创面基本愈合，患者出院。     

加味济生肾气汤对STZ诱导的糖尿病肾病大鼠足细胞及其自噬的影响＊

目的 探究加味济生肾气汤对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏足细胞和自噬作用的影响，为糖尿病肾病的中药治疗奠定一定基础。方法 将66只SD大鼠按照随机数字表法分成对照组，模型组，羟苯磺酸钙组，加味济生肾气汤低、中、高剂量组。造模后，各组分别以生理盐水，羟苯磺酸钙，1 mL/kg/d、4 mL/kg/d、10 mL/kg/d药物浓度的加味济生肾气汤处理。6周后，取大鼠肾脏，电镜观察肾脏足细胞形态；免疫组化检测Nephrin的表达；Western blot检测LC3II/I和P62的表达。结果 模型组大鼠肾小球基底膜可见显著增厚，足细胞排列较紊乱，数目减少，足突融合，在加味济生肾气汤中剂量组和高剂量组中上述症状得以缓解；与对照组比较，模型组大鼠肾组织中的Nephrin水平均明显降低，LC3II/I比值显著下降，P62水平显著升高。与模型组比较，加味济生肾气汤高剂量组大鼠肾组织中的Nephrin水平均明显升高，LC3II/I比值均显著升高，P62水平显著降低（P < 0.05）。结论 加味济生肾气汤通过提高自噬水平，减少足突发生融合，提高肾脏的过滤功能。